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Verification of Ohm’s Law for a Resistor

Ohm’s Law is a fundamental principle in electrical engineering, stating that the current (I) flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage (V) across it and inversely proportional to its resistance (R):

𝑉 = 𝐼 × 𝑅 V=I×R

Where:

𝑉 V = Voltage across the resistor (Volts)

𝐼 I = Current through the resistor (Amperes)

𝑅 R = Resistance of the resistor (Ohms, Ω)

This experiment helps students understand the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance, and demonstrates the linear behavior of ohmic conductors.

To verify Ohm’s Law for a given resistor.

To measure voltage and current using voltmeter and ammeter.

To calculate the resistance from experimental data.

To plot the V–I characteristic curve and observe linearity.

DC Power supply (0–12 V)

Resistors of known resistance (1 Ω – 1 kΩ)

Ammeter (0–1 A)

Voltmeter (0–15 V)

Connecting wires and crocodile clips

Breadboard or test circuit setup

Circuit Setup

Connect the resistor in series with the ammeter.

Connect the voltmeter across the resistor.

Ensure proper polarity for DC measurement.

Applying Voltage

Gradually increase the supply voltage in small steps.

Record the corresponding current (I) for each voltage (V) reading.

Repeat Measurements

Take at least 5–7 readings for different voltage levels.

Ensure that the resistor does not overheat.

Calculations

Calculate the resistance using 𝑅 = 𝑉 / 𝐼 R=V/I for each measurement.

Compute the average resistance.

Plotting V–I Curve

Plot Voltage (V) on the y-axis and Current (I) on the x-axis.

A straight line through the origin confirms Ohm’s Law.

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